Tuesday, May 21, 2019

the UK before Brexit ... already no resources.

A bag in front of my house. Inside are bank cards, make-up but any cash is long gone. A quick look on the security camera – and there are the two female thieves dumping the evidence of their crime. The footage is perfect. I put it on a memory stick. It turns out my local police station is no longer open to the public but there’s one in a neighbouring borough I can go to. The woman on the front desk reluctantly takes the bag but does not want the footage evidence or my name. “It’s terrible but we just don’t have the resources”.
And in London – and most of the UK – it’s true that they don’t. And, of course, when terrorism and violent organised crime is so prevalent, petty thievery is of little consequence. Yet big cities that give up on the everyday policing risk a lot – a return to people leaving the city core in pursuit of safety when they have children or grow old. It also risks dislocating the relationship between police and community.
The resources stretch is the same reason, no doubt, that when you walk through Cambridge Circus in the city’s West End you will see kids waiting to see the Harry Potter theatre show – and a crack deal going down. Or why the manager of a central London supermarket tells you that they no longer call the police when they have shoplifters – no point.
Anyone who believes that London’s police have all the resources they need is probably driving in a ministerial car with a nice police escort. They can’t see any shortage. But in London it’s shaping daily life.

Wednesday, May 15, 2019

Who is the richest king ?

Thailand’s new king among world’s wealthiest monarchs

04 MAY 2019 / 16:57 H.
BANGKOK: Thailand’s King Maha Vajiralongkorn, has been listed as the world’s richest monarch by publications such as Business Insider in 2018.
His father, King Bhumibol Adulyadej, was also listed by Forbes magazine as the world’s richest royal ruler in 2011, edging out the Sultan of Brunei.
Estimates of Vajiralongkorn’s personal wealth start at US$30 billion (RM124 billion), according to Business Insider.
That puts him among the wealthiest individual rulers, although when it comes to royal families, Saudi Arabia’s tops the list with an estimated US$1.7 trillion (RM7 trillion), according an MSN Money report in 2019. The Thai royal family ranked fifth in that list.
Reuters was unable to independently confirm those estimates.
The Crown Property Bureau did not respond to Reuters’ request for comment. The Bureau of the Royal Household did not respond to written questions about the value of royal assets.
The following is a look at some of the Thai king’s most significant assets:
Propery
Most of Vajiralongkorn’s wealth is held in the Crown Property Bureau, which holds title to 6,560ha of land in Thailand, with 40,000 rental contracts nationwide, including 17,000 in the capital.
Vajiralongkorn in 2017 placed the Crown Property Bureau under his direct control and later announced the removal its tax exempt status.
In Bangkok alone, the Crown Property Bureau owns 1,328ha of land, some of it prime real estate in the heart of the business district. Its property holdings in the Thai capital are estimated to be worth US$33 billion (RM137 billion), according to a 2011 biography on Vajiralongkorn’s father, King Bhumibol, A Life’s Work.
The king’s private secretary, Air Chief Marshal Satitpong Sukvimol, was appointed chairman of the Crown Property Bureau in 2017, a position previously held by the Finance Minister.
New property developments
Since the king took control of Crown Property Bureau, some US$4.7 billion (RM19 billion) in new developments have been announced on land it owns, based on company announcements.
Property developers have stepped up investment on Crown Property real estate in recent years with the latest in April, when mall operator Central Pattana Pcl and hotelier Dusit Thani announced the US$1.2 billion (RM5 billion) residential, retail and office project Dusit Central Park on a 67-year lease on 3.68ha. It is expected to be completed in 2024.
In 2018, TCC Group and Fraser Property Ltd, both controlled by billionaire Charoen Sirivadhanabhakdi, announced the US$3.5 billion (RM14.5 billion) One Bangkok. The mixed-use project, on 16.7ha with a lease to 2083, is expected to complete its first phase in 2022, according to Fraser Property.
Company stock
In a statement last year, the Crown Property Bureau announced assets previously registered to Crown Property would be held in the King’s name, placing shares worth some US$9 billion (RM37 billion) in companies Siam Cement Group and Siam Commercial Bank among his personal assets.
Vajiralongkorn has a 23% stake in Siam Commercial Bank, Thailand’s second largest lender and 33.3% in country’s largest industrial conglomerate, Siam Cement Group.
Both companies were founded by royal decree in the 1900s.
Siam Commercial Bank and Siam Cement did not respond to Reuters’ requests for comment.
Gold and gems
Among Thailand’s crown jewels is the 545.67-carat brown Golden Jubilee Diamond, the largest faceted diamond in the world. Its value is estimated at up to US$12 million (RM50 million) by The Diamond Authority, a jewellery website.
It was presented to Vajiralongkorn’s late father, King Bhumibol Adulyadej, in 1996 to mark the 50th year of his reign, according to the Gem and Jewelry Information Center, an industry body in Thailand.
On coronation day, the King will also be presented with five royal instruments, including the 7.3kg golden Great Crown of Victory, which in inlaid with gems and topped by a large diamond from Kolkata, India.
The other priceless regalia are also adorned with diamonds and set in gold enamel, each steeped with history and cultural significance.
Malls
While the Crown Property Bureau’s 17,000 Bangkok rental contracts cover everything from government agencies to shophouses, some of the most visible holdings are the land on which some of the best-known shopping malls are built.
Siam Paragon shopping centre, Siam Discovery and Siam Center, all of which rest on Crown Property land, drew in some 200,000 shoppers per day last year.
The Crown does not run the malls but collects an unknown amount of rent from their operator, Siam Piwat, which also opened the US$1.7 billion (RM7 billion) luxury mall, IconSiam, last year on its own land.
Siam Piwat did not respond to a request for comment. — Reuters

more then 80 % of the production of the fashion industry ends up in a landfill



Sustainability is discussed with increasing urgency in the fashion industry and rightly so: by 2030 some 102m tonnes of clothes will be produced every year but it’s predicted that 81 per cent of these clothes will end up in landfill. That is what makes the Copenhagen Fashion Summit, the key platform on sustainability in fashion, so significant. Will the fashion industry become sustainable?

Tuesday, May 14, 2019

Johor Bahru sees drop in crime


image: data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==
Johor Bahru skyline causeway Singapore Malaysia 2
This photo taken on May 4, 2018 shows the skyline of the Malaysian city of Johor Bahru as seen from neighbouring Singapore. (Photo: AFP/Roslan Rahman)

Monday, May 13, 2019

the darkside of Singapore, from a victim's perspective


What is the darkside of Singapore?

The following is a perspective of a young girl, who finds herself victim of the country. Do read, it's interesting. I wish I could publish a true story in the opposite way, but not the hurray hurray publicity of the government.

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I am only 17, turning 18 this year, so I might not have as much experience as others here, but I’ve got lots to share anyway, from the perspective of a Singaporean youth.

I’m currently studying in what most Singaporeans may consider a “top school”, doing the IB program. I’m also from the upper middle class (with overprotective parents), and thus led a very sheltered life because I rarely got to mix around with kids from different backgrounds. However, I recently got admitted into IMH’s psychiatric ward (the child ward) for suicide attempts and a history of depressive episodes, due to immense stress from studies among other things and it was an eye-opening experience, to say the least. So let me share my perspective as a privileged Singaporean youth suffering from mental illness.

1. The Education System
Singapore’s education system is often seen as a stellar model that people of other countries are always trying to learn from. Our students seem to always do so well, compared to the rest of the world. Apparently, we are the country with the biggest number of top scorers in the IB program (not sure about A levels though). But there are alot of problems and ugliness behind the scenes in Singaporean schools.

I don’t have exact numbers or statistics, but I can say for a fact that many Singaporean kids are suffering as a result of the toxic competitiveness rampant among parents, schools and the entire education system as well as the pressure to do well for exams. It isn’t uncommon to find Singaporean students struggling with clinical depression, anxiety, self harm and suicidal thoughts as a result of stress and studies, especially in the more elite schools. There are even cases of students killing themselves over grades (links below). My own brother (who studied in one of the top JCs) killed himself two years ago, partly due to the pressure from my parents to do well. During my time in the ward, I met at least 4 kids from top secondary schools and JCs who either attempted suicide or seriously self harmed as a result of school stress. This probably isn’t surprising for many Singaporeans, but most of these cases rarely reach the media, or even anybody from outside the schools, because the school management/government bodies are very tight lipped about things like this. Which leads me to my next point.

2. Treatment of people with mental illness
I can’t really speak for older people (ie. people of working age and the elderly), but for youths with mental illnesses, help can be hard to find and Singaporeans generally aren’t very accepting of people with mental illnesses. From my personal experience, my parents wouldn’t take me seriously when I told them I might have depression (they just told me I was lazy) and it was very hard, as a youth with untreated depression and no parental support, to find the help I needed. I tried many things: contacting government organisations, getting myself therapists sessions with student subsidy (still too expensive to be sustainable), getting antidepressants from the black market, even attempting to administer CBT on myself. Only when I got warded did my parents take me seriously.

Also, mental illness isn’t something Singaporeans are really comfortable discussing. As mentioned above, many cases I know of kids struggling with serious mental illnesses and family issues are kept under wraps because of the stigma. This seriously prevents people from realising how big of a problem this is in Singaporean schools.

Most importantly, mental health seems to be a very underfunded and underdeveloped area in Singapore’s healthcare system. This despite the fact that the rest of Singapore’s healthcare system is pretty much stellar. I heard about this from others, but never really understood the seriousness of the problem until my stay in IMH. The psychiatrists there seem very overworked, the ward was always filled to near full capacity (there was only one child ward, and people were being discharged way before they were ready to make space for others) and the practices within the ward (ie. physical restraints for even the slightest aggression) were seriously outdated. This really surprised me because I have had nothing but good experiences from hospitals for my physical illnesses from government/non-private hospitals. (was warded in CGH once for dengue, was going to NUH for years on outpatient because of thyroid issues)

3. The social/class divide
This is a serious problem that starts early in life for most Singaporeans. As a kid from an upper-middle class family in Singapore, I rarely had the chance to mix around with kids from other backgrounds because of the way the education system is structured.

Richer kids go to better kindergartens when they are toddlers, elite primary schools, then elite secondary schools. Outside of school, the richer kids would usually have tuition or enrichment classes to occupy their time, which essentially gears them to score better to get into the elite schools. The less privileged families cannot afford this kind of special treatment, especially the extra out-of-school lessons and therefore, their kids usually don’t do as well academically, which causes them to go to more average schools. As these kids enter the workforce, they are discriminated against based on their qualifications, making it very hard for these less privileged kids to climb the social ladder. These less privileged kids often get involved with gangs, drugs and crime in their youth too.

Therefore, everybody loses. The privileged kids often live a very sheltered lifestyle, which narrows their worldview and reduces their empathy towards the less privileged and the less privileged kids miss out on opportunities to better their situation. This is a very complex problem to solve.

It is also worth mentioning that a great number of kids I saw in the child psych ward came from the lower classes and many were struggling with drugs, self harm and suicidal thoughts as a result of their circumstances. I learnt a lot from them, and their multitude of experiences. I never had the chance to meet these kind of kids in my childhood due to my intensely sheltered upbringing.

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There are many other problems I can think of, but my answer would go on forever. These are the most significant at the moment, I feel.

Do comment or message me if you want me to elaborate on anything.

110.2k Views ·  · 
This is just my opinion so feel free to disagree, but:

Class divide

A study of this has actually shown that Singapore’s class divide is 7th in the world, from the bottom. Even as kids the idea of having more money is better/ boosts your social status in class was very evident for me. When we entered primary school (7–12 y/o) many of those who stayed in HDBs (basic apartment flats that are probably subsidised by the government) looked at those who stayed in landed property with envy. Singapore is very small, so land is always expensive. Cliques started to form. Now that I’m in secondary school (kids 13–16 y/o) people tend to stick with the people of the same class. Can’t imagine how bad it will be when I’m actually a working adult.

Education

This leads me on to this point. Singapore’s education system splits up the good and not-so-good students from as young as 6, since ‘better’ schools are more likely to have richer kids in there. Within that school, kids are streamlined from as young as 8 years old. Basically they take your results and dump you in a ‘good’ class, ‘second’ class, or ‘stupid’ class. It’s very hard to suddenly promote to move up the ‘ranks’ later. The ‘good class’ students are then split even more into ‘very smart’ and ‘smart’. This promotes the idea of class divide.

Everyone is very competitive in Singapore. Parents, Teachers and schools, even though most claim otherwise, put a heavy emphasis on results. I don’t blame them. Singapore is small, no natural resources, we rely on human power to build our country. But this causes the students to be extremely stressed out. I am considered to be in one of the top schools in Singapore. In primary school I remember getting 89/100 for an English test. Pretty good, right? I cried my eyes out. That was the first time I scored anything below a 97. You better bet the next year I was studying my ass off to be the top in class, which I did manage. That was when I was 8 to 9 years old. Now, in secondary school, many of us are risking the chance of failing. In an elite school. Failure is unheard of for us until now. ‘B’s are not well received either. If all your seniors are doing just fine, how come you can’t do the same? Some of us try to laugh it off. Others get depression, anxiety, all kinds of little things. Many of my friends have been diagnosed. People end up crying in class during exams period. I myself have witnessed students at the edge of the building, threatening to jump. They’re the same age as me. Even though I am not diagnosed with anything as of yet, it’s a tough enviorenment to be in.

Dealing with depression/ anxiety

I’m not talking about the way psychologists talk to students, mainly because I haven’t been to one and have no way of judging. I’m talking about the adults who seem very unbothered about this. ‘If I went through the system happily, why can’t you?’ ‘Depression is depression, you suck it up and move on.’ ‘Depression is just an excuse for things to go lighter on you.’ ‘I never heard of depression when I was younger. Stop trying to be the victim.’ ‘Mental illness is fake. It’s all in the mind. You’re just not doing enough.’ This is what I hear adults telling me. This is what my family says. Even when parents finally agree to take the child for counselling or some medical professional, they fail to emphatise. Having a mental health issue in Singapore, you’re most likely going to be stigmatised. Students are scared to talk about it. People are scared that they’ll be judged for it. It’s almost alienating.

Xenophobia

Alright so Singapore has a lot of immigrants. The last time I checked the stats it was around 1/3, I think. That’s a lot. You see, I get what people are saying. They’re diluting our culture, snatching our jobs, creating traffic jams, causing prices to increase, creating more competition for everything, blah blah blah. Fair enough. The problem comes when people channel all the blame to migrants. ‘Oh there’s an accident on the road, I bet it’s a person from India because they suck at driving. I bet they didn’t even get their driver’s licence properly.’ Or, ‘stupid person who cut queue. It’s always the PRCs. Stupid PRCs. All of them are bad.’ I don’t deny that at least once, I have agreed to those things said above. Do I like the huge number of immigrants in Singapore? No. Do I enjoy knowing that these more experienced, smart foreign talents are the people I will be competing with in the workforce in less than a decade? Absolutely not. But do I think they are all bad? No. I have friends who are immigrants. Overseas scholars. Terribly nice people. The problem only comes when locals decide to lump all the immigrants together and hate on them.

Racism

Wait, but Singapore doesn’t have many riots! But Singapore is a multi racial country! But we’re living together in harmony!

Yes, yes we are. That doesn’t mean there’s bad feelings towards the other races. Singapore is mostly populated with Chinese. I’m a Chinese. Since young we gave already gathered many stereotypes from our elders towards other races. Sometimes, when we are angry, we make spite remarks about their race. Sometimes it’s just a passing comment, like, ‘gosh, so many Indians, so smelly’. Sometimes it’s a bad day and we just need to bitch, like ‘oh, look at those Malays always having weddings at the HDB block, how cheap’. These things add together. It makes us wary of the other races. And I admit to be prejudiced against the other races. But sometimes it can be a little much.

B-but we celebrate Racial Harmony day! Yes, but the school forces us to. Do you see the adults celebrating? But we give public holidays to everyone for them to celebrate holidays from other races! Oh, come on, it’s a public holiday. Who doesn’t love that? Do you think I’ll be outside wishing everyone ‘happy Hari Raya’, or would I be at home taking a good sleep?

Homophobia

A significant number of singaporeans are homophobic. There’s law against gay people, like how gay sex is illegal in Singapore. Gay marriage is, of course, out of the question. It’s very hard to come out in Singapore. Many people, escpeially elders, are disgusted by the idea. Many of use when younger, use ‘gay’ as an insult. I was brought up in such a way where I didn’t even know being gay was an actual thing, only knowing about it at around 10. At first I felt very disgusted. 2 guys/girls can be together? WHAT?!?! when I grew older I tend to understand better, maybe it’s because I read up more. Teens are half-half about this issue. I know my whole family is against it. People give funny looks when we talk about LGBT rights openly. My relatives shut down conversation with me when I try to bring up LGBT issues to change their rigid mindsets a little. And I believe I’m not the only one facing such issues in Singapore.

Expensive/ housing / the expectation to have kids

Everything is expensive. Cars cost over $100,000, houses cost a lot too. A 3 flat HDB costs around 200,000, a condominium easily half a million, landed property easily in the millions, a good class one maybe even up to 30 mil. Road tax, income tax, water and electricity bills, all on the rise. It’s not expensive to the point where we are poor, but you can imagine. A fresh graduate isn’t goijg to make that much money. How, exactly, do you want us to get married? Not only that, but kids cost a lot too. Having more than 2 is seemingly out of the question.

When we get married, we need to apply for flats. Most people would go for a HDB as it’s subsidied a little. It takes 2 years to build a house + all the documents. You have to be married/ very close to getting married before you even register. So that’s 2 years of renting/ staying with your parents. We’re not young when we get married, already maybe 28. Realistically, kids are probably not going to even be planned until we get the house, so around 30 y/o. That’s assuming our careers go smoothly and we have enough money to raise a child.

Singapore birth rates are low, understandably, perhaps. But the government keeps trying to change that. There are even posters on the MRTs (trains) to try and persuade us to have kids. Woman’s fertility goes down after 30. I’m a girl. If I’m not wrong woman’s fertility is at its prime at 20–24. We are busy getting a degree! And after that, stressed environments don’t encourage us to have babies.

That’s also assuming newer generation couples want kids. I’m turning 16. Most of my friends at my age don’t want kids either. It’s simply too stressful and costly to get one. We have other things to worry about. To put it bluntly, I see it as ruining my body shape and putting myself through torture for a wailing burden to my pockets that may not even care about me when I get older.

I’m not sure if these are the things you are looking for, but yeah. This is purely my opinions and observations, feel free to disagree. Also there were several comments against some races/ nationalities etc. I don’t mean to offend anyone and I apologise if I have upset you in any way.

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hereunder are some comments of others
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7.8k Views ·  · 
In every of any possible bright side of Singapore, you can juxtapose the dark side. Unfortunately, often it takes a foreigner to apprehend that quickly as it is hard for one that’s been brought up and assimilated to the state island to understand what I am going to write. I am a Malaysian currently living in Singapore for close to 4 years.

Like most Malaysians, which makes up a dominant part of the Singapore society today, often we complain about our sister city Singapore when we compare it to the counterparts of KL, Ipoh, Johor, you name it, basically the way Malaysia is. You may have your own answers too, depending where you come from.

There is no doubt that Singapore is fine (many fines around many societal orders too), systematic, clean, predictable, cosmopolitan, highly exposed to international standards and cultures. I would like to highlight, the sterilization of society and the singularity of culture.

It is easy to label a cosmopolitan country like Singapore to be multicultural, or having all the kind of the food of the world in its island. In reality, if you come from another multicultural country, you will find this ambiguity a side effect of the sterilized society. You will know this when you come from other cosmopolitan country that is geographically larger, which somewhat relaxes up a lot of policies and encourage creative thinking.

Singapore, being to the population of more than 5 million today, is relatively poor, or not exciting when it comes to cultural or societal capital. In a highly order society that comes with systems that socially engineered the society choices, it is hard for an individual to breakaway from societal peer pressure in many ways. The Singapore lifestyle is a highly mechanized one where society has label certain streams of education pathways, getting a government flat, getting married, and so on.

However, there are two sides of the coin to this. On one end, it is the very uniformity and excellent government systems that ensured societal order in the pursuit for foreign investment. Take for example, the priority for English as first English in the late 1990s in order to provide competent international standard workforce, or, the streamlining of government flats that form more than 80% of household homes today. These institutions or solutions are engineered for the very significant threat of Singapore, e.g housing issue or foreign investment. But then, it also has caused societies to be very narrow thinking contextually (if one only lives in Singapore since young), it has also limited the society’s capability to be resilient and not dependent on Government’s directive. I can only think that the Singapore story as the best possible story it can get, it’s a red dot miracle among ASEAN countries but at times, its national identity is at crisis when you have huge influx of foreigners. For some, it’s merely a global city that is a transit point rather than a country system to begin with.

13.3k Views · 
In 2017, ~250,000 Singaporeans chose to migrate out of Singapore. WHY? Lets see.

I’m 20 years old, Male true blue Singaporean. Heres my perspective.

I believe theres always two sides of the story.

National Service - Sexist discrimination. You rather have a daughter than a son here. Lag behind in your studies, job disruptions, even death of our soldiers (recent news).
Highly controlled environment. Media outlets, political opinions are suppressed, government - controlled sectors Temasek Holdings, Maritime Port Singapore etc.
Military-political -industry relationship Being in NS, make me realize how “linked” this whole network is. There are military personnels CEOs/Chairmans/Head of politics,hospitals, local companies. It seems theres a certain “advantage” here from being in the force.
Wealth shaming/Rich-middle class divide. Don’t be surprised to see 60,70 and even 80 year olds working as Cleaners, Taxi drivers here. We have one of the highest income gaps in the world! Recently, there was a leaked audio by one of a ministers when asked about lowering ministerial salaries. “ You expect us to only earn 200k/year ? “ This sums it up.
I am looking to emigrate out of Singapore. I love Singapore but this is a country not for me.

2.7k Views · 
Singapore is Not Heaven nor is it Shangri Lai , neither is it Club Met or Disneyland.

It is seductive because someone has a Pretty Face, the inner soul is good.

When comparing to many cities/countries, Singapore has many things in its flavor.

Good Public Transport, Expensive Private Transport ownership.
Good Public Housing, Private Home prices near that of New York/Shanghai.
Good Public safety, Among the highest per-capita execution rate in the world (simpler English, crimes that get jail time in other countries, Singapore just hang the fellow) 
Good Public Health (subjective, voted by many wealthy foreign leaders and expats  ) . As many Quora writers have pointed out, Mental Health is the Hydra that lurks beneath the surface.
Good Educated Workforce, There are people whom succumb to the stresses (in the education and work environment).
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It is human nature, to look at something and forget the rest of the package.

Many took Singapore accomplishments for granted.

Look at the fellow nation, whom started about the same instance as Singapore did compare them (resource-rich nation) with Singapore today.

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Keep your face to the sunshine and you cannot see a shadow. Turn around, the shadow looms before you.

666 Views · 
Racial / religious undercurrents, although Singapore has by and large, been more successful than many other countries in creating a tolerant society. Away from the academic discussions, many in the other ethnic group still think the Chinese are never bathe, are rediculously money-faced / Malays are lazy slackers, stupid and unable to do well in math and the sciences (a friend said his mum forbade him from playing with Malay kids beneath the apartment block when he was a child, as she believed all Malays are a bad influence)/ Indians are smelly, cannot be trusted because they are the best twisters of truths (among others). Such thoughts still perpetuate today among one's own ethnicity, which isn't surprising, of course. Every now and then these undercurrents do flare up, such as the curry incident or when a staff member complained about the noise created at Malay weddings. Its a messy mix of heritage, economics and politics but thankfully, most Singaporeans do not take the occasional slip of the tongue too seriously.

Riding on a fellow Quoran's answer about gangs in Singapore, i was fortunate enough to attend a talk by the ‘Gangs unit’ of the Criminal Investigations Department several years ago. Apparently the underworld is still very much alive and these undercover officers (thanks to them risking their lives, we can walk safely on the streets at night) do monitor and intervene with gang activity. It was quite an eye-opener for me, because i would think in this age where people are caught up with technology, getting relatively good living standards, nobody goes hungry in Singapore, who would bother with silly skirmishes over things like “why u stare at me??!! Want to fight issit??”. But yes, fights still do occur and one of the photos shown (undoctored) at the talk was a gang leader who had been stabbed many times and hand sliced neatly off, lying in a drain at a hdb estate.

1k Views · 

Opening speech of AG Tommy Thomas at trial of Najib Razak


May it please Your Lordship,
It is my duty and privilege to open the first trial in our courts against a former Prime Minister, who for nearly a decade, occupied the most powerful office in the land and wielded near absolute power, which carries with it enormous responsibility, which my office intends to discharge in order to establish that the Accused is guilty of the seven (7) charges that he is facing before Your Lordship.
The Accused during his entire period in office as Prime Minister, at which time these offences were committed, simultaneously held the office of Minister of Finance, thereby combining maximum political power and control of the nation’s purse. In holding the office of the Prime Minister, and thus the nation’s highest elected public officer and Head of Government, the highest trust was reposed by our people in the Accused. In such circumstances, the law demands the highest standards of care in the discharge by the Accused of his duties and obligations as trustee of public offices.
Not being satisfied with the holding of the twin positions of Prime Minister and Minister of Finance, the Accused was also appointed the Chairman of the Board of Advisors of 1Malaysia Development Berhad (“1MDB”) and Advisor Emeritus in its fully owned subsidiary, SRC International Sdn. Bhd. (“SRC International”). A common feature of both companies was that the true power in directing and managing their affairs did not lie with the Board of Directors, as is required by law and is the universal practice wherever companies carry on business, but in the person of the Accused by virtue of his holding these two positions.
The operation of Article 8(1) of the Federal Constitution that “all persons are equal before the law” is amply demonstrated by this trial. A former Prime Minister is charged under due process in the ordinary court of the land, like any other Accused. The Accused is not above the law and his prosecution and this trial should serve as precedents for all future holders of this august office.
My Lord,
This trial is the first of many kleptocracy-1MDB-linked prosecutions. As required under Section 179 of the Criminal Procedure Code, I will state briefly the nature of the offences charged and the evidence by which the Prosecution proposes to prove the guilt of the Accused.
In the instant prosecution, the Accused is charged for the following offences –
1. One (1) charge under Section 23 of the MACC Act 2009 for abuse of position;
2. Three (3) charges under Section 409 of the Penal Code for criminal breach of trust;
3. Three (3) charges under Section 4(1)(b) of the Anti-Money Laundering, Anti-Terrorism Financing and Proceeds of Unlawful Activities Act 2001 for money laundering; and
To prove the prosecution case beyond a reasonable doubt, the Prosecution will be relying on direct and circumstantial evidence, both oral and documentary, to prove that the Accused, on the dates, times and manner as contained in the charges, is guilty of each of the charges against him.
One (1) charge under Section 23 of the MACC Act 2009 for abuse of position
For the charge under Section 23 of the MACC Act 2009, evidence will establish that the Accused at all material times, as an officer of a public body, to wit, as Prime Minister and Minister of Finance, used his office and/or position to obtain for himself a gratification of RM42 million. Evidence will abundantly establish that the Accused was directly involved in the decision on behalf of the government of Malaysia to give government guarantees for the loans amounting to RM4 billion received by SRC International Sdn Bhd from Kumpulan Wang Persaraan (Diperbadankan) (“KWAP”).
In proving the ingredients of Section 23 of the MACC Act 2009, evidence – oral, documentary and/or circumstantial, will be led by the prosecution to establish the following –
> Proposed establishment of SRC International Sdn Bhd;
> Proposed setting-up grant of RM3 billion;
> SRC International’s request for a government loan for RM3.95 billion;
> The appointment of SRC International’s Board of Directors, and the appointment of one Nik Faisal Ariff Kamil as CEO of SRC International;
> Matters that led to the approval of the Government of Malaysia through the Ministry of Finance for the issuance of a RM2 billion government guarantee in favour of SRC International;
> Matters that led to the approval of the Government of Malaysia through the Ministry of Finance for the issuance of a further RM2 billion government guarantee in favour of SRC International;
> Monies totalling RM42 million, sourced from SRC International, were channelled through the company accounts of Gandingan Mentari Sdn Bhd (a wholly-owned subsidiary of SRC International Sdn Bhd) and Ihsan Perdana Sdn Bhd (purportedly appointed as SRC International’s corporate social responsibility partner);
> The Accused, between 17 August 2011 and 8 February 2012, as a result of the aforesaid, had received as gratification the said monies totalling RM42 million into his AmPrivate Banking-1MY no. 211-202-201188-0 and AmPrivate Banking-MY no. 211-202-201190-6 bank accounts.
Three (3) charges under Section 409 of the Penal Code for criminal breach of trust
For the charges under Section 409 of the Penal Code, evidence will establish that the Accused at all material times, as agent, to wit, as Prime Minister and Minister of Finance, and Advisor Emeritus of SRC International, whilst entrusted with monies belonging to SRC International, committed criminal breach of trust in respect of the RM27 million, RM5 million and RM10 million belonging to SRC International.
In proving the ingredients of Section 409 of the Penal Code for criminal breach of trust, evidence – oral, documentary and/or circumstantial, will be led by the prosecution to establish the following –
> A Special Resolution was passed to amend SRC International’s Articles of Association to appoint the Accused as Advisor Emeritus. As Advisor Emeritus the Accused shall advise the Company’s Board on material matters and matters of strategic interest to Malaysia, and that the Board shall give due consideration to and implement any advice of the Advisor Emeritus in the best interest of the Company;
> That the Accused had dishonestly caused himself to wrongfully gain RM42 million and/or caused SRC International to wrongfully lose RM42 million;
> That between 24 and 29 December 2014, a sum of RM27 million belonging to SRC International was remitted to the Accused’s AmPrivate Banking-1MY no. 211-202-201188-0 account through the company accounts of Gandingan Mentari Sdn Bhd and Ihsan Perdana Sdn Bhd;
> That between 24 and 29 December 2014, a sum of RM5 million belonging to SRC International was remitted to the Accused’s AmPrivate Banking-MY no. 211-202-201190-6 account through the company accounts of Gandingan Mentari Sdn Bhd and Ihsan Perdana Sdn Bhd; and
> That between 10 February and 2 March 2015, a sum of RM10 million belonging to SRC International was remitted to the Accused’s AmPrivate Banking-1MY no. 211-202-201188-0 account through the company accounts of Gandingan Mentari Sdn Bhd and Ihsan Perdana Sdn Bhd.
Three (3) charges under Section 4(1)(b) of the Anti-Money Laundering, Anti-Terrorism Financing and Proceeds of Unlawful Activities Act 2001 for money laundering
For the charges under Section 4(1)(b) of the Anti-Money Laundering, Anti-Terrorism Financing and Proceeds of Unlawful Activities Act 2001 for money laundering, evidence – oral, documentary and/or circumstantial, will be led by the prosecution to establish the following –
> That the Accused on or about 26 December 2014 engaged in money laundering to wit by receiving RM27 million, being the proceeds of an unlawful activity, in the Accused’s AmPrivate Banking-1MY no. 211-202-201188-0 account;
> That the Accused on or about 29 December 2014 via a Real Time Electronic Transfer of Funds and Securities (“RENTAS”) instruction, remitted RM27 million, being the proceeds of an unlawful activity, from the Accused’s AmPrivate Banking-1MY no. 211-202-201188-0 account to the company account of Permai Binraya Sdn Bhd;
> That the Accused on or about 26 December 2014 engaged in money laundering to wit by receiving RM5 million, being the proceeds of an unlawful activity, in the Accused’s AmPrivate Banking-MY no. 211-202-201190-6 account;
> That the Accused on or about 29 December 2014 via a Real Time Electronic Transfer of Funds and Securities (“RENTAS”) instruction, remitted RM5 million, being the proceeds of an unlawful activity, from the Accused’s AmPrivate Banking-MY no. 211-202-201190-6 account to the company account of Putra Perdana Construction Sdn Bhd;
> That the Accused on or about 10 February 2015 engaged in money laundering to wit by receiving RM10 million, being the proceeds of an unlawful activity, in the Accused’s AmPrivate Banking-1MY no. 211-202-201188-0 account;
> That the Accused on or about 10 February 2015 remitted RM10 million, being the proceeds of an unlawful activity, from the Accused’s AmPrivate Banking-1MY no. 211-202-201188-0 account to the Accused’s AmPrivate Banking-MY no. 211-202-201190-6 account;
> That the Accused had issued a total of 15 personal cheques from his AmPrivate Banking-MY no. 211-202-201190-6 account totalling an approximate sum of RM10,776,514.00;
> Evidence will also establish that in December 2014, the Accused’s credit card was charged US$130,625 for expenses made at Chanel, an exclusive fashion store in Honolulu; and
> Evidence will establish that the personal cheques were issued for, among others, payment for renovation works carried out at the Accused’s residence at No.11 Jalan Langgak Duta, Kuala Lumpur, the Accused’s residence in Pekan, Pahang and cheques issued to various Barisan Nasional component political parties.
My Lord,
The burden is now on the Prosecution to prove, beyond a reasonable doubt, that the Accused, Mohd. Najib bin Hj Abd Razak is guilty of the criminal charges preferred against him at this trial.